the Xia Dynasty

Following its creation in the Xia Dynasty succeeding reigns continued to use the calendar but modified it from time to time.

继在夏王朝成功建立的王朝继续使用日历，但不时修改。

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Yu of the Xia Dynasty exploited the road towards civilization in the Huanghe River Basin.

夏禹的功业，据说开辟了黄河流域迈向文明的道路。

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Is the Xia Dynasty an intangible mirage?& A discussion with Mr. Chen Chun

夏代是杜撰的吗&与陈淳先生商榷

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The Xia Dynasty ended. With the development of productivity and the increase of captures, the private ownership came into being gradually and doomed to be reflected in politics.

由于生产力的进步和俘虏的增加，私有财产制度逐渐出现了。

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Qi founded the Xia Dynasty ( 21st-16th century BC) and initiated the hereditary system of monarchy.

启建立了夏朝（公元前21世纪至公元前16世纪）并开启了君主世袭制。

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Shang Tang took this opportunity to revolt and overthrew the Xia Dynasty.

商汤抓住这个机会反抗并推翻了夏朝。

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The Xia Dynasty by then had not only erected city walls, but also established its own army, penal code and prisons.

夏朝时不仅建有城墙，还有军队、刑罚和监狱。

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The Origin of the Ritual System of Jade of Xia Dynasty

夏代礼玉制度探源

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The Xia Dynasty could restore its dominion and gain further development, only because it had relatively solid social foundation.

夏王朝因为拥有比较深厚的社会基础，才能恢复它的统治，并取得进一步的发展。

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Farming exploiting history of Yu of the Xia Dynasty in the legend

度九山：夏禹传说的农耕开发史解读

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China has a long history, and book collection can be traced to the Xia dynasty, the unique Chinese characteristics collection system had been formed until the late Qing dynasty.

中国的藏书历史源远流长，可以上溯至夏朝，至清末形成了独具中国特色的藏书制度。

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The Xia Dynasty was a transition from primitive society to slave society. At that time, all aspects of social life still reserved traces of primitive society.

夏代处在中国社会从原始社会向奴隶社会过渡的时期，社会生活的各个方面依然保存着原始社会的种种痕迹。

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During the Xia Dynasty, there was a crack archer named Hou Yi.

夏朝时，有一位神射手，叫后裔。

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Bronze wares are the formal appliances that are used when people began to live in architectures. From Xia Dynasty to the Spring and Autumn Period, bronze wares, whose ornaments were varied and colorful, were in a period of great prosperity.

青铜器物是人类开始定居在建筑物中时，开始使用的正器，鼎盛时期大致在夏商周和春秋时期，其纹饰内容丰富多彩。

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Tang, the Chief of the tribe Shang took advantage of this situation to overthrow the Xia Dynasty and established the Shang Dynasty in the early 17th century BC.

部落商的领袖汤利用这个形势，推翻了夏朝，并在公元前十七世纪早期建立了商朝。

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radiocarbon dating places the site at about 2100 to 1800 bc, providing physical evidence of the existence of a state contemporaneous with and possibly equivalent to the xia dynasty as described in chinese historical works.

放射性炭测定此遗址的年代在公元前2100年至1800年之间，这为一个与夏朝处于同年代的甚至于就是中国历史著作中提到的夏朝的存在提供了物证。

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A few days later, another man with a broken bowl boasted to the Qin scholar: "Sir, neither the straw mat nor the walking stick is a genuine antique, whereas this bowl was actually made in the time of King lie of the Xia Dynasty, which is more remote than the Zhou Dynasty."

几天后，又有人端着一只破碗，对秦士夸耀说：“先生，席子和手杖都不是什么古董，而这只破碗，倒真正是夏梁时造的，比周朝更古远了。”

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The Xia Dynasty saw the first introduction in Chinese history of the slave system.

中国历史上最初进入奴隶社会是在夏朝。

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A Question About Whether the Xia Dynasty Existed in History

关于历史上是否存在夏朝的问题

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Three generations with constant development of society, it obey concrete content of system change to some extent too Xia, Shang and Zhou dynasties, especially the internal and external clothes of Western Zhou Dynasty are made and changed a great deal more than the former generation.

夏商周三代随着社会的不断发展，其内外服制度的具体内容也有所变化，尤其是西周的内外服制较前代有很大的变化。

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Meteor showers and solar eclipses which oc-curred as far back as in the Xia Dynasty ( 2070BC ～ 1600BC) are recorded in ancient books, and are thought to be the earliest astronomical accounts in the world.

古书上关于夏朝（前2070年~前1600年）时流星雨和日食的记载，是世界天文史上最早的记录。

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Because its spatio-temporal range falls into the Xia Dynasty based on the historical record, the Erlitou culture becomes the primary object in exploring the first dynasty in Chinese history& the Xia Dynasty and its culture.

二里头文化是中国古代国家形成和发展的重要时期，加上它的年代和分布地区与文献记述的夏王朝的时间及范围大体一致，因此它也成了学术界探索夏王朝及其文化的主要对象。

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From the Xia Dynasty onwards, Kings were endowed with supreme authority.

从夏朝开始，君主被赋予了至高无上的权力。

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With the renaissance, Shao Kang was at pains to handle government affairs, sending army to beat off insurgent troops of minorities, expanding the territory, improving the political system and laying foundation for the prosperity of the Xia Dynasty.

少康完成复国大业后，勤于政务，派遣军队打退少数民族叛军的侵扰，扩大疆土，进一步完善政治制度，奠定了夏朝盛兴的基础。

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The Xia Dynasty began a period of family or clan control.

夏代开始，为期家庭或部族控制。

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The silk industry in Anhui has ancient traditions. As early as the Xia dynasty, the middle reaches of Huaihe river had already formed a complete system of artificial silk production.

安徽蚕丝业有着古老的传统，早在夏朝，淮河中游一带就已经形成完整的人工生产蚕丝体系。

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Such society common bodies 'belonging to archaeological culture were playing leading' parts in the development of ancient Chinese history The Xia dynasty culture, Shang dynasty culture and Zhou dynasty culture in the bronze period were the materialized carrier of Cathay civilization 'and Cathay culture'.

青铜时代的夏文化、商文化和周文化是华夏文明与华夏族文化的物化载体，这些考古学文化所属的社会共同体，对当时中国古代历史的发展发挥着主导作用，处于主导地位。

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He was the founder of the first slavery dynasty in Chinese history, which is called Xia.

今安徽省怀远县涂山之巅有“启母石”,相传是启的母亲,至今奉祀 、 瞻仰者不绝.

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From the Xia Dynasty onwards, the primitive religion changed greatly.

自夏代开始，原始宗教的内容发生很大变化。

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Tang adopted Yi Yin's suggestions to stop paying tribute to the Xia Dynasty in order to sound out the strength of Jie.

汤还采纳伊尹的建议，停止朝贡夏朝以试夏桀的实力。

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